A computer simulation of a horse's head with bridle and bit was developed to obtain quantifiable and objective measurements of the forces applied to a horse's nose. The head of the validated horse was scanned with a 3D scanning app using an infrared sensor to create a 3D model of the head. A 3D digital model of a bridle was also created and placed on the horse's head in the computer simulation.
Accordingly, for both models (leather snaffle only and r3vobanD® with leather snaffle), the same load is applied by an identical displacement - calculated from 1.5kg traction per side The calculated results apply only to the horse head used.
The maximum stresses occurring at the head are highlighted in boxes. The simulation shows that both the stress pattern and the maximum stresses are higher in the simulation without the 3D-printed tape (r3vobanD®) (as the right edge: 9.26 MPa versus 0.87 MPa).
In this study, the stresses on the head of a horse were compared by developing a computer simulation of the head and bridle of a horse with and without an additively manufactured tape (r3vobanD®). The stresses occurring on the horse's head are reduced by +/- 60% by using the printed band (r3vobanD®). In addition, the overall load on the bridge of the nose is reduced. The 3D printed band (r3vobanD®) exhibits uniform deformation and stress distribution characteristics. The collected data show that pressure can be significantly reduced by using the 3D-printed band (r3vobanD®) during riding and competitions. We argue that with an additively manufactured pressure-reducing noseband, the load on the bridge of the nose can be reduced, thus ensuring the horse's well-being.